The soil composition includes: soil <\/i> (weathered), water <\/i> (soil moisture, i.e. hygrococcal, membranous, capillary, gravitational and suspended, groundwater), air <\/ i> (soil air) and living organisms. It is formed as a result of soil-forming processes. <\/i><\/i><\/p>\n

Soil-forming processes and soil erosion<\/h2>\n

Soil-forming processes <\/b> is the continuous transformation of organic and inorganic matter in the upper lithosphere, using the biosphere. <\/i> They happen according to the flow of matter in nature.<\/p>\n

plants collect water and mineral salts from the soil<\/div>\n

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dead plants broken down by microbes return biomass to the soil<\/div>\n

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The main factor in soil-forming processes is climate. It is responsible for the weathering speed of rocks, their chemical and physical properties, vegetation development, dynamics of matter circulation.
\nSide factors affecting the formation of soils are the mineral composition of rocks, terrain and the possibility of sediment formation, and human activity, i.e. drainage, cultivation and breeding, as well as activities related to them.<\/p>\n

Just as soils arise, they can also be destroyed. The most common causes of soil erosion are:<\/p>\n

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• mass movements in the mountains<\/li>\n
• flushing through water<\/li>\n
• wind erosion<\/li>\n
• logging, burning grass, which creates easy prey for wind erosion and leaching through water<\/li>\n
• too intensive exploitation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

  A little less drastic is degradation<\/b> soils, i.e. reduced fertility <\/i>. And here the man is mainly responsible: monocultures sterilize the soil, fertilizers and plant protection products provide accumulating foreign chemical compounds. I do not mention the impact of industry and urbanization. Degradation is also a result of natural soil erosion.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\n <\/ins>\n