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81 Chartres Cathedral – 1979
Partly built starting in 1145, and then reconstructed over a 26-year period after the fire of 1194, marks the high point of French Gothic art. The vast nave, in pure ogival style, the porches adorned with fine sculptures from the middle of the 12th century, and the magnificent 12th- and 13th-century stained-glass windows, all in remarkable condition, combine to make it a masterpiece.
80 Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay – 1979
Perched on a rocky islet in the midst of vast sandbanks exposed to powerful tides between Normandy and Brittany stand the ‘Wonder of the West’, a Gothic-style Benedictine abbey dedicated to the archangel St Michael, and the village that grew up in the shadow of its great walls. Built between the 11th and 16th centuries, the abbey is a technical and artistic tour de force, having had to adapt to the problems posed by this unique natural site.
83 Palace and Park of Versailles – 1979
The Palace of Versailles was the principal residence of the French kings from the time of Louis XIV to Louis XVI. Embellished by several generations of architects, sculptors, decorators and landscape architects, it provided Europe with a model of the ideal royal residence for over a century.
85 Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley – 1979
The Vézère valley contains 147 prehistoric sites dating from the Palaeolithic and 25 decorated caves.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 It is particularly interesting from an ethnological and anthropological, as well as an aesthetic point of view because of its cave paintings, especially those of the Lascaux Cave, whose discovery in 1940 was of great importance for the history of prehistoric art. The hunting scenes show some 100 animal figures, which are remarkable for their detail, rich colours and lifelike quality.
84 Vézelay, Church and Hill – 1979
Shortly after its foundation in the 9th century, the Benedictine abbey of Vézelay acquired the relics of St Mary Magdalene and since then it has been an important place of pilgrimage. St Bernard preached the Second Crusade there in 1146 and Richard the Lion-Hearted and Philip II Augustus met there to leave for the Third Crusade in 1190. With its sculpted capitals and portal, the Madeleine of Vézelay – a 12th-century monastic church – is a masterpiece of Burgundian Romanesque art and architecture.
162 Amiens Cathedral – 1981
, in the heart of Picardy, is one of the largest ‘classic’ Gothic churches of the 13th century. It is notable for the coherence of its plan, the beauty of its three-tier interior elevation and the particularly fine display of sculptures on the principal facade and in the south transept.
164 Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments – 1981
Arles is a good example of the adaptation of an ancient city to medieval European civilization. It has some impressive Roman monuments, of which the earliest – the arena, the Roman theatre and the cryptoporticus (subterranean galleries) – date back to the 1st century B.C. During the 4th century Arles experienced a second golden age, as attested by the baths of Constantine and the necropolis of Alyscamps.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 In the 11th and 12th centuries, Arles once again became one of the most attractive cities in the Mediterranean. Within the city walls, Saint-Trophime, with its cloister, is one of Provence’s major Romanesque monuments.
165 Cistercian Abbey of Fontenay – 1981
This stark Burgundian monastery was founded by St Bernard in 1119. With its church, cloister, refectory, sleeping quarters, bakery and ironworks, it is an excellent illustration of the ideal of self-sufficiency as practised by the earliest communities of Cistercian monks.
160 Palace and Park of Fontainebleau – 1981
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12thcentury, the medieval royal hunting lodge of Fontainebleau, standing at the heart of a vast forest in the Ile-de-France, was transformed, enlarged and embellished in the 16th century by François I, who wanted to make a ‘New Rome’ of it. Surrounded by an immense park, the Italianate palace combines Renaissance and French artistic traditions.
163 Roman Theatre and its Surroundings and the “Triumphal Arch” of Orange – 1981
Situated in the Rhone valley, the ancient theatre of Orange, with its 103-m-long facade, is one of the best preserved of all the great Roman theatres. Built between A.D. 10 and 25, the Roman arch is one of the most beautiful and interesting surviving examples of a provincial triumphal arch from the reign of Augustus.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 It is decorated with low reliefs commemorating the establishment of the Pax Romana.
203 From the Great Saltworks of Salins-les-Bains to the Royal Saltworks of Arc-et-Senans, the Production of Open-pan Salt – 1982
The Royal Saltworks of Arc-et-Senans, near Besançon, was built by Claude Nicolas Ledoux. Its construction, begun in 1775 during the reign of Louis XVI, was the first major achievement of industrial architecture, reflecting the ideal of progress of the Enlightenment. The vast, semicircular complex was designed to permit a rational and hierarchical organization of work and was to have been followed by the building of an ideal city, a project that was never realized.
The Great Saltworks of Salins-les-Bains was active for at least 1200 years until stopping activity in 1962. From 1780 to 1895, its salt water travelled through 21 km of wood pipes to the Royal Saltworks of Arc-et-Senans. It was built near the immense Chaux Forest to ensure its supply of wood for fuel. The Saltworks of Salins shelters an underground gallery from the 13th century including a hydraulic pump from the 19th century that still functions. The boiler house demonstrates the difficulty of the saltworkers’ labour to collect the “White Gold”.
230 Abbey Church of Saint-Savin sur Gartempe – 1983
Known as the ‘Romanesque Sistine Chapel’, the Abbey-Church of Saint-Savin contains many beautiful 11th- and 12th-century murals which are still in a remarkable state of preservation.
258 Gulf of Porto: Calanche of Piana, Gulf of Girolata, Scandola Reserve – 1983
The nature reserve, which is part of the Regional Natural Park of Corsica, occupies the Scandola peninsula, an impressive, porphyritic rock mass.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 The vegetation is an outstanding example of scrubland. Seagulls, cormorants and sea eagles can be found there. The clear waters, with their islets and inaccessible caves, host a rich marine life.
229 Place Stanislas, Place de la Carrière and Place d’Alliance in Nancy – 1983
Nancy, the temporary residence of a king without a kingdom – Stanislas Leszczynski, later to become Duke of Lorraine – is paradoxically the oldest and most typical example of a modern capital where an enlightened monarch proved to be sensitive to the needs of the public. Built between 1752 and 1756 by a brilliant team led by the architect Héré, this was a carefully conceived project that succeeded in creating a capital that not only enhanced the sovereign’s prestige but was also functional.
344 Pont du Gard (Roman Aqueduct) – 1985
The Pont du Gard was built shortly before the Christian era to allow the aqueduct of Nîmes (which is almost 50 km long) to cross the Gard river. The Roman architects and hydraulic engineers who designed this bridge, which stands almost 50 m high and is on three levels – the longest measuring 275 m – created a technical as well as an artistic masterpiece.
495 Strasbourg, Grande-Île and Neustadt
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–1988
Strasbourg, Grande-Île and Neustadt
The initial property, inscribed in 1988 on the World Heritage List, was formed by the Grande-Île, the historic centre of Strasbourg, structured around the cathedral.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 The extension concerns the Neustadt, new town, designed and built under the German administration (1871-1918). The Neustadt draws the inspiration for its urban layout partially from the Haussmannian model, while adopting an architectural idiom of Germanic inspiration. This dual influence has enabled the creation of an urban space that is specific to Strasbourg, where the perspectives created around the cathedral open to a unified landscape around the rivers and canals.
601 Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Former Abbey of Saint-Rémi and Palace of Tau, Reims – 1991
The outstanding handling of new architectural techniques in the 13th century, and the harmonious marriage of sculptural decoration with architecture, has made Notre-Dame in Reims one of the masterpieces of Gothic art. The former abbey still has its beautiful 9th-century nave, in which lie the remains of Archbishop St Rémi (440–533), who instituted the Holy Anointing of the kings of France. The former archiepiscopal palace known as the Tau Palace, which played an important role in religious ceremonies, was almost entirely rebuilt in the 17th century.
600 Paris, Banks of the Seine – 1991
From the Louvre to the Eiffel Tower, from the Place de la Concorde to the Grand and Petit Palais, the evolution of Paris and its history can be seen from the River Seine. The Cathedral of Notre-Dame and the Sainte Chapelle are architectural masterpieces while Haussmann’s wide squares and boulevards influenced late 19th- and 20th-century town planning the world over.
635 Bourges Cathedral – 1992
The Cathedral of St Etienne of Bourges, built between the late 12th and late 13th centuries, is one of the great masterpieces of Gothic art and is admired for its proportions and the unity of its design.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 The tympanum, sculptures and stained-glass windows are particularly striking. Apart from the beauty of the architecture, it attests to the power of Christianity in medieval France.
228 Historic Centre of Avignon: Papal Palace, Episcopal Ensemble and Avignon Bridge – 1995
In the 14th century, this city in the South of France was the seat of the papacy. The Palais des Papes, an austere-looking fortress lavishly decorated by Simone Martini and Matteo Giovanetti, dominates the city, the surrounding ramparts and the remains of a 12th-century bridge over the Rhone. Beneath this outstanding example of Gothic architecture, the Petit Palais and the Romanesque Cathedral of Notre-Dame-des-Doms complete an exceptional group of monuments that testify to the leading role played by Avignon in 14th-century Christian Europe.
770 Canal du Midi – 1996
This 360-km network of navigable waterways linking the Mediterranean and the Atlantic through 328 structures (locks, aqueducts, bridges, tunnels, etc.) is one of the most remarkable feats of civil engineering in modern times. Built between 1667 and 1694, it paved the way for the Industrial Revolution. The care that its creator, Pierre-Paul Riquet, took in the design and the way it blends with its surroundings turned a technical achievement into a work of art.
345 Historic Fortified City of Carcassonne – 1997
Since the pre-Roman period, a fortified settlement has existed on the hill where Carcassonne now stands. In its present form it is an outstanding example of a medieval fortified town, with its massive defences encircling the castle and the surrounding buildings, its streets and its fine Gothic cathedral. Carcassonne is also of exceptional importance because of the lengthy restoration campaign undertaken by Viollet-le-Duc, one of the founders of the modern science of Error executing „TranslateText” on „https:
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conservation.
773Pyrénées – Mont Perdu – 1997
This outstanding mountain landscape, which spans the contemporary national borders of France and Spain, is centred around the peak of Mount Perdu, a calcareous massif that rises to 3,352 m. The site, with a total area of 30,639 ha, includes two of Europe’s largest and deepest canyons on the Spanish side and three major cirque walls on the more abrupt northern slopes with France, classic presentations of these geological landforms. The site is also a pastoral landscape reflecting an agricultural way of life that was once widespread in the upland regions of Europe but now survives only in this part of the Pyrénées. Thus it provides exceptional insights into past European society through its landscape of villages, farms, fields, upland pastures and mountain roads.
872 Historic Site of Lyon – 1998
The long history of Lyon, which was founded by the Romans in the 1st century B.C. as the capital of the Three Gauls and has continued to play a major role in Europe’s political, cultural and economic development ever since, is vividly illustrated by its urban fabric and the many fine historic buildings from all periods.
868 Routes of Santiago de Compostela in France – 1998
Santiago de Compostela was the supreme goal for countless thousands of pious pilgrims who converged there from all over Europe throughout the Middle Ages.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 To reach Spain pilgrims had to pass through France, and the group of important historical monuments included in this inscription marks out the four routes by which they did so.
943 Belfries of Belgium and France – 1999
Twenty-three belfries in the north of France and the belfry of Gembloux in Belgium were inscribed in 2005, as an extension to the 32 Belgian belfries inscribed in 1999 as Belfries of Flanders and Wallonia. Built between the 11th and 17th centuries, they showcase the Roman, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque styles of architecture. They are highly significant tokens of the winning of civil liberties. While Italian, German and English towns mainly opted to build town halls, in part of north-western Europe, greater emphasis was placed on building belfries. Compared with the keep (symbol of the seigneurs) and the bell-tower (symbol of the Church), the belfry, the third tower in the urban landscape, symbolizes the power of the aldermen. Over the centuries, they came to represent the influence and wealth of the towns.
932 Jurisdiction of Saint-Emilion – 1999
Viticulture was introduced to this fertile region of Aquitaine by the Romans, and intensified in the Middle Ages. The Saint-Emilion area benefited from its location on the pilgrimage route to Santiago de Compostela and many churches, monasteries and hospices were built there from the 11th century onwards. It was granted the special status of a ‘jurisdiction’ during the period of English rule in the 12th century. It is an exceptional landscape devoted entirely to wine-growing, with many fine historic monuments in its towns and villages.
933 The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes – 2000
The Loire Valley is an outstanding cultural landscape of great beauty, containing historic towns and villages, great architectural monuments (the châteaux), and cultivated lands formed by many centuries of interaction between their population and the physical environment, primarily the river Loire itself.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁
873 Provins, Town of Medieval Fairs – 2001
The fortified medieval town of Provins is situated in the former territory of the powerful Counts of Champagne. It bears witness to early developments in the organization of international trading fairs and the wool industry. The urban structure of Provins, which was built specifically to host the fairs and related activities, has been well Error executing „TranslateText” on „https://translate.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com”; AWS HTTP error: Client error: `POST https://translate.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com` resulted in a `429 Too Many Requests` response:
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preserved.
1181Le Havre, the City Rebuilt by Auguste Perret – 2005
The city of Le Havre, on the English Channel in Normandy, was severely bombed during the Second World War. The destroyed area was rebuilt according to the plan of a team headed by Auguste Perret, from 1945 to 1964. The site forms the administrative, commercial and cultural centre of Le Havre. Le Havre is exceptional among many reconstructed cities for its unity and integrity. It combines a reflection of the earlier pattern of the town and its extant historic structures with the new ideas of town planning and construction technology. It is an outstanding post-war example of urban planning and architecture based on the unity of methodology and the use of prefabrication, the systematic utilization of a modular grid, and the innovative exploitation of the potential of concrete.
1256 Bordeaux, Port of the Moon – 2007
The Port of the Moon, port city of Bordeaux in south-west France, is inscribed as an inhabited historic city, an outstanding urban and architectural ensemble, created in the age of the Enlightenment, whose values continued up to the first half of the 20th century, with more protected buildings than any other French city except Paris.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 It is also recognized for its historic role as a place of exchange of cultural values over more than 2,000 years, particularly since the 12th century due to commercial links with Britain and the Low Lands. Urban plans and architectural ensembles of the early 18th century onwards place the city as an outstanding example of innovative classical and neoclassical trends and give it an exceptional urban and architectural unity and coherence. Its urban form represents the success of philosophers who wanted to make towns into melting pots of humanism, universality and culture.
1283 Fortifications of Vauban – 2008
consists of 12 groups of fortified buildings and sites along the western, northern and eastern borders of France. They represent the finest examples of the work of Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban (1633-1707), a military engineer of King Louis XIV. The serial property includes towns built from scratch by Vauban, citadels, urban bastion walls andbastion towers. There are also mountain forts, sea forts, a mountain battery and two mountain communication structures. This property is inscribed as bearing witness to the peak of classic fortifications, typical of western military architecture. Vauban also played a major role in the history of fortification in Europe and on other continents until the mid-19th century.
1115 Lagoons of New Caledonia: Reef Diversity and Associated Ecosystems – 2008
This serial site comprises six marine clusters that represent the main diversity of coral reefs and associated ecosystems in the French Pacific Ocean archipelago of New Caledonia and one of the three most extensive reef systems in the world. These Lagoons are of exceptional natural beauty. They feature an exceptional diversity of coral and fish species and a continuum of habitats from mangroves to seagrasses with the world’s most diverse concentration of reef structures.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 The Lagoons of New Caledonia display intact ecosystems, with healthy populations of large predators, and a great number and diversity of big fish. They provide habitat to a number of emblematic or threatened marine species such as turtles, whales or dugongs whose population here is the third largest in the world.
1337 Episcopal City of Albi – 2010
On the banks of the Tarn river in south-west France, the old city of Albi reflects the culmination of a medieval architectural and urban ensemble. Today the Old Bridge (Pont-Vieux), the Saint-Salvi quarter and its church are testimony to its initial development (10th -11th centuries). Following the Albigensian Crusade against the Cathar heretics (13th century) it became a powerful episcopal Error executing „TranslateText” on „https://translate.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com”; AWS HTTP error: Client error: `POST https://translate.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com` resulted in a `429 Too Many Requests` response:
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city.Built in a unique southern French Gothic style from local brick in characteristic red and orange colours, the lofty fortified Cathedral (late 13th century) dominates the city, demonstrating the power regained by the Roman Catholic clergy. Alongside the Cathedral is the vast bishop’s Palais de la Berbie, overlooking the river and surrounded by residential quarters that date back to the Middle Ages. The forms a coherent and homogeneous ensemble of monuments and quarters that has remained largely unchanged over the centuries.
1317 Pitons, cirques and remparts of Reunion Island – 2010
The site coincides with the core zone of La Réunion National Park.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 The property covers more than 100,000 ha or 40 % of La Réunion, an island comprising two adjoining volcanic massifs located in the south-west of the Indian Ocean. Dominated by two towering volcanic peaks, massive walls and three cliff-rimmed cirques, the property includes a great variety of rugged terrain and impressive escarpments, forested gorges and basins creating a visually striking landscape. It is the natural habitat for a wide diversity of plants, presenting a high level of endemism. There are subtropical rainforests, cloud forests and heaths creating a remarkable and visually appealing mosaic of ecosystems and landscape features.
1363 Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps – 2011
This serial property of 111 small individual sites encompasses the remains of prehistoric pile-dwelling (or stilt house) settlements in and around the Alps built from around 5000 to 500 B.C. on the edges of lakes, rivers or wetlands. Excavations, only conducted in some of the sites, have yielded evidence that provides insight into life in prehistoric times during the Neolithic and Bronze Age in Alpine Europe and the way communities interacted with their environment. Fifty-six of the sites are located in Switzerland. The settlements are a unique group of exceptionally well-preserved and culturally rich archaeological sites, which constitute one of the most important sources for the study of early agrarian societies in the region.
1153 The Causses and the Cévennes, Mediterranean agro-pastoral Cultural Landscape – 2011
This 302,319 ha property, in the southern part of central France, is a mountain landscape interspersed by deep valleys that is representative of the relationship between agro-pastoral systems and their biophysical environment, notably through drailles or drove roads.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 Villages and substantial stone farmhouses on deep terraces of the Causses reflect the organization of large abbeys from the 11th century. Mont Lozère, inside the property, is one of the last places where summer transhumance is still practiced in the traditional way, using the drailles.
1360 Nord-Pas de Calais Mining Basin – 2012
Remarkable as a landscape shaped over three centuries of coal extraction from the 1700s to the 1900s, the site consists of 109 separate components over 120,000ha. It features mining pits (the oldest of which dates from 1850) and lift infrastructure, slag heaps (some of which cover 90ha and exceed 140m in height), coal transport infrastructure, railway stations, workers’ estates and mining villages including social habitat, schools, religious buildings, health and community facilities, company premises, owners and managers’ houses, town halls and more. The site bears testimony to the quest to create model workers’ cities from the mid 19th century to the 1960s and further illustrates a significant period in the history of industrial Europe. It documents the living conditions of workers and the solidarity to which it gave rise.
1426 Decorated Cave of Pont d’Arc, known as Grotte Chauvet-Pont d’Arc, Ardèche – 2014
Located in a limestone plateau of the Ardèche River in southern France, the property contains the earliest-known and best-preserved figurativerysunki na świecie, sięgające już w okresie Aurignacian (30,000—32,000BP), co czyni go wyjątkowym świadectwem sztuki prehistorycznej. Jaskinia została zamknięta przez upadek skał około 20.000 lat BP i pozostał zapieczętowany aż do jej odkrycia w 1994 roku, co pomogło utrzymać ją w nieskazitelnym stanie. Ponad tysiąc obrazów zostało do tej pory inwentaryzowanych na jego ścianach, łącząc różne motywy antropomorficzne i zwierzęce.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 Wyjątkowa jakość estetyczna wykazują szereg technik, w tym umiejętne wykorzystanie cieniowania, kombinacji farb i grawerowania, anatomiczną precyzję, trójwymiarowość i ruch. Obejmują one kilka niebezpiecznych gatunków zwierząt trudnych do obserwacji w tamtym czasie, takich jak mamut, niedźwiedź, lew jaskiniowy, nosorożec, żubr i zorza polarna, a także 4000 inwentaryzowanych szczątków prehistorycznej fauny i różnych ludzkich śladów.
1465 Szampańskie wzgórza, domy i piwnice — 2015
Nieruchomość obejmuje miejsca, w których metoda produkcji win musujących została opracowana na zasadzie wtórnej fermentacji w butelce od początku XVIIwieku do jej wczesnej industrializacji w XIXwieku. Obiekt składa się z trzech odrębnych zespołów: zabytkowych winnic Hautvillers, Ai Mareuil-sur-A, wzgórza Saint-Nicaaise w Reims oraz Avenue de Champagne i Fort Chabrol w Epernay. Te trzy elementy — dorzecza zaopatrzenia utworzona przez zabytkowe wzgórza, zakłady produkcyjne (z podziemną piwnicą) oraz centra sprzedaży i dystrybucji (domy szampana) — ilustrują cały proces produkcji szampana. Nieruchomość zawiera wyraźne świadectwo rozwoju bardzo wyspecjalizowanej działalności rzemieślniczej, która stała się przedsiębiorstwem rolno-przemysłowym.
1425 Klimat, terroirs Burgundii — 2015
Klimat to dokładnie wytyczone działki winnic na zboczach Côte de Nuits i Côte de Beaune na południe od miasta Dijon. Różnią się one między sobą ze względu na specyficzne warunki naturalne (geologia i ekspozycja), jak również rodzaje winorośli i zostały ukształtowane przez ludzką uprawę. Z biegiem czasu zaczęli być rozpoznawani przez wino, które produkują.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 Ten krajobraz kulturowy składa się z dwóch części. Po pierwsze, winnice i powiązane jednostki produkcyjne, w tym wioski i miasto Beaune, które razem reprezentują wymiar handlowy systemu produkcyjnego. Druga część obejmuje zabytkowe centrum Dijon, które uosabia polityczny impuls regulacyjny, który dał początek klimatycznemu systemowi. Witryna jest wybitnym przykładem uprawy winogron i produkcji wina, które powstały od czasów średniowiecza.
1321 Dzieło architektoniczne Le Corbusiera, wybitny wkład w ruch współczesny — 2016
Wybrane z pracy Le Corbusiera 17 miejsc składających się na tę transnarodową własność seryjną jest rozłożonych w siedmiu krajach i stanowią świadectwo wynalezienia nowego języka architektonicznego, który zerwał z przeszłością. Zostały one zbudowane w okresie półwiecza, w trakcie tego, co Le Corbusier określił jako „badania pacjentów”. Complexe du Capitole w Chandigarh (Indie), Narodowe Muzeum Sztuki Zachodniej, Tokio (Japonia), Dom Dr Curutchet w La Plata (Argentyna) i Unité d’Habitation w Marsylii (Francja) odzwierciedlają rozwiązania, które Modern Ruch starał się zastosować w XX wieku do wyzwań wymyślanie nowych technik architektonicznych w odpowiedzi na potrzeby społeczeństwa. Te arcydzieła twórczego geniuszu świadczą również o umiędzynarodowieniu praktyki architektonicznej na całej planecie.
1529 Taputapuātea — 2017
na wyspie Ra’iātea znajduje się w centrum „Trójkąta Polinezji”, ogromnej części Oceanu Spokojnego, usianej wyspami, i ostatniej części globu, która ma zostać rozliczona przez ludzi. Obiekt składa się z dwóch zalesionychError executing „TranslateText” on „https://translate.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com”; AWS HTTP error:
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valleys,a portion of lagoon and coral reef and a strip of open ocean. At the heart of the property is the maraecomplex, a political, ceremonial and funerary centre. It is characterized by several marae, with different functions. Widespread in Polynesia, themaraewere places where the world of the living intersected the world of the ancestors and the gods. is an exceptional testimony to 1,000years ofmā’ohicivilization.
1434 Chaîne des Puys – Limagne fault tectonic arena – 2018
Situated in the centre of France, the property comprises the long Limagne fault, the alignments of the Chaîne des Puys volcanoes and the inverted relief of the Montagne de la Serre. It is an emblematic segment of the West European Rift, created in the aftermath of the formation of the Alps, 35 million years ago. The geological features of the property demonstrate how the continental crust cracks, then collapses, allowing deep magma to rise and cause uplifting at the surface. The property is an exceptional illustration of continental break-up – or rifting – which is one of the five major stages of plate tectonics.
1603 French Austral Lands and Seas – 2019
The comprise the largest of the rare emerged landmasses in the southern Indian Ocean: the Crozet Archipelago, the Kerguelen Islands, Saint-Paul and Amsterdam Islands as well as 60 small sub-Antarctic islands. This ‘oasis’ in the middle of the Southern Ocean covers an area of more than 67 million ha and supports one of the highest concentrations of birds and marine mammals in the world.
Nie ma takiej reklamy 🙁 In particular, it has the largest population of King Penguins and Yellow-nosed albatrosses in the world. The remoteness of these islands from centres of human activity makes them extremely well-preserved showcases of biological evolution and a unique terrain for scientific research.
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